Wrought alloys contain low percentages of elements; that is, alloying elements total less than about 4 pct. Casting alloys contain the same elements as wrought,…

White cast iron is a type of carbon-iron alloy that contains carbon content greater than 2% in the form of cementite. When fractured it exhibits…

Welding is the process by which two pieces of metal can be joined together. The process of welding doesn’t merely bond the two pieces together…

Weld decay is a corrosion process that mainly occurs as a result of sensitization (regions susceptible to corrosion) in the heat affected Zones (HAZ) of…

Martensite is a highly supersaturated solid solution of carbon in iron, which, during tempering, rejects carbon in the form of finely divided carbide phases. The…

Temper designation system is established by the International Alloy Designation System (IADS), based on the classification developed by Aluminum Association of the United States. This…

A stress riser (also known as a stress concentration or stress raiser) is so called because there is more stress in one area which can…

Stress corrosion refers to the degradation and/or rust formation of a given metal surface in an electrochemical fluid environment due to the metal being subjected…

Stainless steel, any one of a family of alloy steels usually containing 10 to 30 percent chromium. In conjunction with low carbon content, chromium imparts…

Spheroidizing is a form of heat treatment for iron-based alloys, commonly carbon steels, in order to convert them into ductile and machinable alloys. It is…